{"id":7321,"date":"2025-09-15T08:48:20","date_gmt":"2025-09-15T08:48:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/principle-on-which-autoclave-works\/"},"modified":"2025-12-05T00:55:47","modified_gmt":"2025-12-05T00:55:47","slug":"principle-on-which-autoclave-works","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/principle-on-which-autoclave-works\/","title":{"rendered":"Princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu <\/p>\n

Autoclaves function on the principles of physics and thermodynamics to effectively kill microorganisms on instruments. Autoclaves use moist heat (p\u00e1ra<\/a>) to apply heat and pressure to achieve sterilization by applying these principles and by doing so; autoclaves can destroy the most resistant microorganisms like bacterial spores that may otherwise survive under normal environmental conditions. Microorganisms that can be effectively eliminated include bacteria, viruses, fungi and fungal spores.<\/p>\n

Procurement professionals, distributors and dealers can utilize this article to gain better knowledge of the proces sterilizace v autokl\u00e1vu<\/a> and some aspects of selection before purchasing these life-saving machines.<\/p>\n

Autoclaves rely on a few fundamental principles to operate in a sterilization cycle. Autoclaves use water to generate steam, a process where the temperature and pressure<\/a> are closely related. The pressure applied inside the autoclave chamber and the temperature at which the heat is applied are essential for the efficient operation of the sterilization process. The autoclave sterilization process also employs specific heat transfer methods and the sterilization process comprises various essential phases, which are key for effective sterilization. Monitoring and controlling these phases is done by control panels and systems that come with most autoclaves. This article will explain each of these principles that an autoclave relies on.<\/p>\n

Principy fungov\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1v\u016f <\/p>\n

\u00davod <\/p>\n

Sterilizace kontaminovan\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f nebo materi\u00e1l\u016f ve zdravotnictv\u00ed, laborato\u0159\u00edch a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch se \u010dasto prov\u00e1d\u00ed pomoc\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu.<\/p>\n

Autokl\u00e1vy funguj\u00ed na principu p\u00e1ry a v\u011bdeck\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f spojen\u00fdch s t\u011bmito stavy hmoty. Pochopen\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to p\u00e1ry z hlediska tlaku a teploty pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch pro sterilizaci je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budeme zab\u00fdvat principy fungov\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu a t\u00edm, jak funguje proces sterilizace v autokl\u00e1vu.<\/p>\n

Autokl\u00e1vy jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodu sterilizace ve zdravotnictv\u00ed, steriliza\u010dn\u00ed proces prob\u00edh\u00e1 za pou\u017eit\u00ed hork\u00e9ho vzduchu pod tlakem nebo p\u00e1ry. Sterilizace je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 na v\u0161echny typy mikroorganism\u016f, jako jsou viry, bakterie, spory a pl\u00edsn\u011b. Steriliza\u010dn\u00ed cyklus v autokl\u00e1vu prob\u00edh\u00e1 ve t\u0159ech f\u00e1z\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Fyzika hraje v procesu sterilizace z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli, proto\u017ee \u0159\u00edd\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu. Faktory, jako jsou zm\u011bny fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu materi\u00e1l\u016f v autokl\u00e1vov\u00e9 komo\u0159e, p\u0159enos tepla, tlak a teplota, jsou pro fungov\u00e1n\u00ed stroje rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed. Autokl\u00e1vy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zm\u011bn fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch stav\u016f a princip\u016f p\u0159enosu tepla k dosa\u017een\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou sterilizaci.<\/p>\n

Sterilizace prob\u00edh\u00e1 v autokl\u00e1vov\u00e9 komo\u0159e, kde p\u00e1ra dosahuje kontrolovan\u00e9ho tlaku, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010dit, a proto, aby do\u0161lo ke sterilizaci, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt teplo a tlak v ur\u010dit\u00e9m bod\u011b.<\/p>\n

F\u00e1ze sterilizace v autokl\u00e1vu <\/p>\n

Autokl\u00e1vy pracuj\u00ed v n\u011bkolika f\u00e1z\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh cel\u00e9ho steriliza\u010dn\u00edho procesu. F\u00e1ze sterilizace v autokl\u00e1vu zahrnuj\u00ed f\u00e1zi p\u0159edeh\u0159evu, f\u00e1zi sterilizace a f\u00e1zi chlazen\u00ed a su\u0161en\u00ed. P\u0159edeh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 tak, \u017ee se komora zah\u0159eje, aby se vytvo\u0159ila p\u00e1ra, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017eije pro f\u00e1zi sterilizace. F\u00e1ze sterilizace je f\u00e1ze, ve kter\u00e9 se prov\u00e1d\u00ed sterilizace. Posledn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed autokl\u00e1vov\u00e1n\u00ed je proces chlazen\u00ed a su\u0161en\u00ed, kdy se materi\u00e1ly uvnit\u0159 autokl\u00e1vu odv\u011btraj\u00ed a odstran\u00ed se vlhkost.<\/p>\n

Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed podstata procesu v autokl\u00e1vu <\/p>\n

Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako je vzduch a voda, hraj\u00ed p\u0159i autokl\u00e1vov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou roli, co\u017e je z\u00e1kladem pro pochopen\u00ed funk\u010dnosti a pou\u017eit\u00ed autokl\u00e1v\u016f.<\/p>\n

Autokl\u00e1vy pracuj\u00ed podle fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edmi zp\u016fsoby;<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Zm\u011bny fyzick\u00fdch stav\u016f: Tato zm\u011bna se projevuje jako p\u00e1ra p\u0159i ur\u010dit\u00e9 teplot\u011b a tlaku, kter\u00fd nelze snadno p\u0159ekro\u010dit. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to f\u00e1ze doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke sterilizaci v autokl\u00e1vov\u00e9 komo\u0159e.<\/li>\n
  2. P\u0159enos tepla: Teplota uvnit\u0159 komory autokl\u00e1vu se zvy\u0161uje p\u0159enosem tepla, kter\u00e9 je v procesu sterilizace.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kony <\/p>\n

    Autokl\u00e1vy funguj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1sad, kter\u00e9 jsou pro sterilizaci v autokl\u00e1vu z\u00e1sadn\u00ed;<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Z\u00e1kon ide\u00e1ln\u00edho plynu: Tlak a teplota jsou vysoce \u00fam\u011brn\u00e9, pokud se nebere v \u00favahu objem. Tento z\u00e1kon \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee hmotnost plynu obsa\u017een\u00e9ho v ur\u010dit\u00e9m objemu je p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e1 jeho teplot\u011b a tlaku.<\/li>\n
    2. Boyle\u016fv z\u00e1kon: Tento z\u00e1kon \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee tlak a objem plynu jsou nep\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e9, pokud nebereme v \u00favahu teplotu. Tento z\u00e1kon lze pou\u017e\u00edt p\u0159i sterilizaci pomoc\u00ed autokl\u00e1vov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee tlak je p\u0159\u00edmo ovlivn\u011bn vysokou teplotou.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Mechanismus sterilizace <\/p>\n

      Proces sterilizace v autokl\u00e1vu zahrnuje tak\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed principy a mechanismy, kter\u00fdmi se sterilizace prov\u00e1d\u00ed;<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Princip sterilizace vlhk\u00fdm teplem: Vlhk\u00e1 p\u00e1ra se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k p\u0159enosu vysok\u00e9ho tepla konvekc\u00ed, kondukc\u00ed nebo ob\u011bma zp\u016fsoby do m\u00e9dia, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 vysokou teplotu nasycen\u00e9 p\u00e1ry. Mikroorganismy jsou inaktivov\u00e1ny such\u00fdm teplem oxidac\u00ed p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 teplot\u011b.<\/li>\n
      2. Sterilizace vysokou teplotou: Mikroorganismy jsou inaktivov\u00e1ny teplem, kter\u00e9 inaktivuje enzymy a zp\u016fsobuje denaturaci. R\u016fstu bakteri\u00ed lze dos\u00e1hnout p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch teplotn\u00edch rozmez\u00edch, co\u017e inaktivuje bakterie p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
      3. Kontrola tlaku: V autokl\u00e1vu je steriliza\u010dn\u00ed proces zalo\u017een na regulaci teploty a tlaku. Teplota a tlak by m\u011bly b\u00fdt v ur\u010dit\u00e9m bod\u011b a oba jsou p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Fyzika p\u00e1ry <\/p>\n

        P\u00e1ra, kter\u00e1 vznik\u00e1 v autokl\u00e1vech a je nezbytn\u00e1 pro steriliza\u010dn\u00ed proces v autokl\u00e1vech, m\u00e1 n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti;<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Teplota: F\u00e1zov\u00e1 zm\u011bna p\u00e1ry vy\u017eaduje ur\u010ditou teplotu. Teplota bodu p\u00e1ry je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 100 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia. Teploty se tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k identifikaci a klasifikaci organism\u016f. R\u016fzn\u00e9 mikroorganismy maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 body tepeln\u00e9 smrti a doby tepeln\u00e9 smrti a mohou b\u00fdt usmrceny p\u0159i ur\u010dit\u00e9 teplot\u011b za stanovenou dobu.<\/li>\n
        2. Objem: V n\u00e1dob\u011b na v\u00fdrobu p\u00e1ry, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k v\u00fdrob\u011b p\u00e1ry, je objem nep\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00fd tlaku. Tlak by nem\u011bl p\u0159ekro\u010dit tlak na vrcholu standardn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ry.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Tlak, teplota, vlhkost <\/p>\n

          Autokl\u00e1vy lze pou\u017e\u00edt k dosa\u017een\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed tlaku a teploty, aby vyhovovaly r\u016fzn\u00fdm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m, a proto je pro pou\u017eit\u00ed autokl\u00e1v\u016f z\u00e1sadn\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed;<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Teplo a tlak: Aby byla sterilizace v autokl\u00e1vu \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1, je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed tepla a tlaku. Teplo m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt podobu p\u00e1ry.<\/li>\n
          2. Kontrolovan\u00e1 teplota: Teplota, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt dosa\u017eeno, by m\u011bla b\u00fdt na ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00farovni, aby mohl b\u00fdt usmrcen ur\u010dit\u00fd mikroorganismus.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Citlivost mikroorganism\u016f na vlhkost <\/p>\n

            Citlivost mikroorganism\u016f na vlhkost je zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm m\u016f\u017ee vlhkost na ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00farovni zv\u00fd\u0161it nebo sn\u00ed\u017eit pravd\u011bpodobnost zni\u010den\u00ed mikroorganism\u016f p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed autokl\u00e1v\u016f;<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. P\u00e1ra: Sterilizace such\u00fdm teplem lze dos\u00e1hnout pomoc\u00ed p\u00e1ry a sterilizace se dos\u00e1hne absolutn\u00ed vlhkost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Faktory, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru nejlep\u0161\u00edho autokl\u00e1vu<\/p>\n

              P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru nejlep\u0161\u00edho autokl\u00e1vu berou odborn\u00edci na n\u00e1kup, distributo\u0159i a prodejci v \u00favahu n\u011bkter\u00e9 faktory, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed;<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Typ materi\u00e1lu: typ materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 b\u00fdt sterilizov\u00e1n, se posuzuje, proto\u017ee;<\/li>\n
              2. Pokud je vy\u017eadov\u00e1no autokl\u00e1vov\u00e1n\u00ed, bude zv\u00e1\u017eeno po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu.<\/li>\n
              3. P\u0159edm\u011bty citliv\u00e9 na teplo: Pokud jsou p\u0159edm\u011bty citliv\u00e9 na teplo, zva\u017euj\u00ed se alternativn\u00ed formy sterilizace. Materi\u00e1l by m\u011bl b\u00fdt autokl\u00e1vovateln\u00fd. <\/li>\n
              4. Objem sterilizace: V \u00favahu se bere i to, kolik materi\u00e1lu je t\u0159eba denn\u011b sterilizovat a;<\/li>\n
              5. Vysok\u00e9 po\u017eadavky: P\u0159i vysok\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch se vyb\u00edr\u00e1 autokl\u00e1v s kapacitou odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed pot\u0159eb\u00e1m.<\/li>\n
              6. Pokud je objem mal\u00fd, posta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00fd autokl\u00e1v.<\/li>\n
              7. Normy pro dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f: Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed norem a po\u017eadavk\u016f regula\u010dn\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f, jako jsou:<\/li>\n
              8. Steriliza\u010dn\u00ed standardy ve zdravotnictv\u00ed by m\u011bly b\u00fdt spln\u011bny v\u00fdb\u011brem autokl\u00e1vu.<\/li>\n
              9. Normy pro validaci. <\/li>\n
              10. Normy m\u00edstn\u00edho zdravotn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu <\/li>\n
              11. Snadn\u00e1 obsluha: Odborn\u00edci na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zak\u00e1zky, distributo\u0159i a prodejci berou v \u00favahu snadnost obsluhy a mezi tyto aspekty pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/li>\n
              12. Ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a indikace: Pokud je autokl\u00e1v snadno ovladateln\u00fd osobou se znalostmi obsluhy.<\/li>\n
              13. \u00dadr\u017eba: Zohled\u0148uj\u00ed tak\u00e9, zda stroj vy\u017eaduje \u00fadr\u017ebu a jak\u00e1 je jej\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnost.<\/li>\n
              14. N\u00e1klady: Je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit tak\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, kter\u00e9 mohou zahrnovat:<\/li>\n
              15. Investi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na autokl\u00e1v. <\/li>\n
              16. Provozn\u00ed n\u00e1klady, jako je elekt\u0159ina a \u00fadr\u017eba. <\/li>\n
              17. P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed pro provoz. <\/li>\n
              18. Pov\u011bst v\u00fdrobce a podpora: V \u00favahu se berou;<\/li>\n
              19. Pov\u011bst zna\u010dky d\u00edky zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazb\u011b od p\u0159edchoz\u00edch z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f.<\/li>\n
              20. Z\u00e1ruky: Toto je nab\u00eddka r\u016fzn\u00fdch zna\u010dek<\/li>\n
              21. Podpora: Podpora ze strany v\u00fdrobc\u016f je tak\u00e9 aspekt, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                V\u00fdhody pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu <\/p>\n

                Autokl\u00e1vy se p\u0159i sterilizaci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed kv\u016fli n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdhod\u00e1m;<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Vysok\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost: Autokl\u00e1vy lze pou\u017e\u00edt na \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu mikroorganism\u016f.<\/li>\n
                2. Rychl\u00e9 steriliza\u010dn\u00ed cykly: Cyklus trv\u00e1 jen n\u011bkolik minut, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee cel\u00fd proces m\u016f\u017ee trvat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 15 a\u017e 30 minut.<\/li>\n
                3. \u0160etrn\u00e9 k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed: Autokl\u00e1vy neprodukuj\u00ed toxick\u00e9 zbytky. <\/li>\n
                4. V\u0161estrannost: Autokl\u00e1vy lze pou\u017e\u00edt na r\u016fzn\u00e1 m\u00e9dia.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy pro pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1v\u016f <\/p>\n

                  Mezi osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f p\u0159ed sterilizac\u00ed v autokl\u00e1vu, aby mohly b\u00fdt \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b pou\u017eity. Autokl\u00e1vy se pln\u00ed n\u00e1stroji bez p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00ed a tam, kde je stabiln\u00ed teplota. Autokl\u00e1vy lze pou\u017e\u00edt s n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edmi postupy;<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f <\/li>\n
                  2. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed <\/li>\n
                  3. Pravideln\u00e1 \u00fadr\u017eba a kalibrace <\/li>\n
                  4. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 manipulace po sterilizaci<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Z\u00e1v\u011br <\/p>\n

                    Autokl\u00e1vy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i sterilizaci termodynamick\u00e9 a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed principy. Fyzika, p\u00e1ra a jej\u00ed principy hraj\u00ed v autokl\u00e1vech z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli. T\u0159i z\u00e1kony, kter\u00e9 se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na procesu v autokl\u00e1vu, zahrnuj\u00ed z\u00e1kon ide\u00e1ln\u00edho plynu, Boyle\u016fv z\u00e1kon a kombinovan\u00fd z\u00e1kon plynu. Steriliza\u010dn\u00ed proces v autokl\u00e1vech prob\u00edh\u00e1 v n\u011bkolika z\u00e1kladn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch. Autokl\u00e1vy jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za jednu z nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch metod sterilizace d\u00edky sv\u00fdm v\u00fdhod\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 zva\u017eov\u00e1ny pro pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to metody sterilizace. Pro \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to metody sterilizace se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 postupy, kter\u00e9 se tak\u00e9 zva\u017euj\u00ed pro jejich aplikaci.<\/p>\n

                    \u010cASTO KLADEN\u00c9 DOTAZY <\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Jak\u00fd je hlavn\u00ed princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Odpov\u011b\u010f: Hlavn\u00edm principem provozu autokl\u00e1vu je pou\u017eit\u00ed vysokotlak\u00e9 p\u00e1ry, kter\u00e1 je vlhk\u00e1 a hork\u00e1, aby se p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed autokl\u00e1v\u016f spojilo teplo a tlak.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Jak funguje v\u00fdroba p\u00e1ry v autokl\u00e1vu?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Odpov\u011b\u010f: P\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b p\u00e1ry v autokl\u00e1vech doch\u00e1z\u00ed k oh\u0159evu vody v uzav\u0159en\u00e9 komo\u0159e za vzniku syt\u00e9 p\u00e1ry, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1sledn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed teplotu a tlak v komo\u0159e.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Pro\u010d je v autokl\u00e1vech d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd vztah tlaku a teploty?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Odpov\u011b\u010f: Vztah mezi tlakem a teplotou je v autokl\u00e1vech d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd, proto\u017ee zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se tlak naopak zvy\u0161uje bod varu vody. V d\u016fsledku toho se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed teplota dosa\u017een\u00e1 p\u0159i sterilizaci, a to je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro zni\u010den\u00ed odoln\u00fdch mikroorganism\u016f.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. Jak\u00e9 jsou f\u00e1ze steriliza\u010dn\u00edho cyklu v autokl\u00e1vu?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            Odpov\u011b\u010f: F\u00e1ze steriliza\u010dn\u00edho cyklu v autokl\u00e1vu zahrnuj\u00ed f\u00e1zi p\u0159edeh\u0159evu, f\u00e1zi sterilizace a f\u00e1zi chlazen\u00ed a su\u0161en\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 z nich je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro \u00fa\u010dinnou sterilizaci.<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. Jak mohu zajistit \u00fa\u010dinnou sterilizaci pomoc\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              Odpov\u011b\u010f: Nejlep\u0161\u00ed postup pro \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed autokl\u00e1v\u016f zahrnuje p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed b\u00fdt sterilizov\u00e1ny. Ty by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159ed nalo\u017een\u00edm ke sterilizaci opl\u00e1chnuty, aby se odstranily zbytky krve nebo jin\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, a omyty. Autokl\u00e1v mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nalo\u017een bez p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00ed, aby byla umo\u017en\u011bna voln\u00e1 cirkulace p\u00e1ry nebo plynu. V\u00fdkon autokl\u00e1vu lze tak\u00e9 pravideln\u011b sledovat, aby se zajistilo jeho spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                              Princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed autokl\u00e1vu<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-autoclave-machine"],"acf":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7321"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7321\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8225,"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7321\/revisions\/8225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoclaveequipment.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}